The evolution of jersey fabrics
Jerseys are more than just a uniform. They are a symbol of a team's spirit and identity. For die-hard fans and casual observers alike, the jerseys on the pitch are always eye-catching. Have you ever wondered about the materials and technology that goes into making these iconic jerseys? We explore every aspect of jersey production, from fabric selection to the design process, and take a look at some of the professional jersey manufacturers' commitment to sustainability.
What materials are jerseys made of?
The jersey has undergone significant changes over the years. Today, most jerseys are made from synthetic fibers such as polyester or blended materials, thanks to their lightweight, breathable and moisture-wicking properties. However, in the past, materials such as cotton and wool were used to make jerseys, but they were relatively heavy, overly warm, and easily absorbed moisture, making them uncomfortable to wear. Advances in technology have led to the development of high-tech and specialized fabrics with enhanced properties that regulate body temperature and even reduce muscle fatigue. As a result, players can stay cool, dry and perform at their best on the court.
The right choice of jersey material affects not only its durability and aesthetics, but also the comfort and performance of the players. Jerseys are usually made of polyester or a blend of polyester and spandex, but the materials used will vary depending on the jersey design and the scenario in which the jersey will be used. Polyester, a synthetic polymer fabric that is durable, lightweight, breathable and sweat-wicking, is commonly used to make jerseys. It is not easy to wrinkle and only absorbs about 0.4% of its weight in water. Polyester is ideal for keeping players cool and dry, as its fibers move moisture from the skin to the outer surface of the jersey, allowing it to evaporate quickly. Spandex (commonly known as Sparks or Lycra) is also a polymer that is often used in jersey materials. Although it is not as breathable as polyester, its main advantage is elasticity. Spandex can be stretched to approximately 600% of its length before breaking. This material is ideal for resisting the pulling and grabbing common in football games while providing maximum freedom of movement. Polyurethane is another polymer that is often used to add names, numbers and logos to jerseys and has waterproof properties.
Mainstream manufacturers' jersey technology
Nike's jerseys for players use "AeroSwift" technology, which provides lightweight stretch and structure. The chest of the jersey is designed to fit perfectly to ensure the wearer's comfort.
In addition, Nike's player-version jerseys also use Dri-Fit ADV technology, a material that combines moisture-wicking fabrics with advanced engineering technology to help keep players dry and comfortable. The jerseys are also specially designed to fit tightly, and in high-temperature areas, special raised knits are used to provide additional breathability. All of these player-version jerseys are made of 100% recycled polyester, a sustainable choice.
Adidas' latest fabric technology for the player edition jerseys is HEAT.RDY, which uses breathable fabrics that absorb sweat to ensure players stay comfortable during high-pressure events. The technology also includes a feature that maps the body through ventilation zones and a hybrid fabric (made with Aqua-X) to further improve sweat absorption.
The fan edition jerseys use AEROREADY technology, which uses sweat-wicking or moisture-absorbing materials to keep the wearer dry. This technology is designed to dry quickly and wick moisture. The fabric is made of a blend of polyester and recycled polyester to help you stay cool and comfortable in warm weather. In terms of sustainability, these jerseys are made of at least 70% recycled and renewable materials to reduce plastic waste.
PUMA's jerseys for players use a new technology called Ultraweave. This material has undergone years of rigorous wear and tear tests, and its ultra-light fabric is specially designed to provide optimal performance. Ultraweave jerseys also use a new printing technology to print team/league and PUMA logos, which is said to be lighter and more breathable than traditional ones.
PUMA also uses Ultraweave fabric and dryCELL technology on the fan version of the jersey to ensure optimal performance and comfort on the field. These jerseys are made of 100% recycled polyester and are equipped with dryCELL perspiration technology to keep the wearer dry and comfortable at any time and venue.
In 2023, Umbro's jerseys for players use recycled microporous fabric, which is highly breathable and helps keep the body cool. The jersey is designed to be tight-fitting and has an extended back to ensure a better fit. As for the fan version jersey, Umbro uses polyester fabric, but I didn't find more details about the specific fabric technology used in this jersey.
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